Labor activist Andy Hall has for the past few years been fighting criminal defamation charges brought against him by a major Thai pineapple processor, but now he is set to file criminal litigation of his own against not just the company but the government's legal branch. 

Lawyers representing the British migrant worker rights specialist will on Wednesday file litigation against the Office of the Attorney General, nine Thai state prosecution officials and one senior police officer at the Central Criminal Court for Corruption and Misconduct Cases in Bangkok.

Further criminal litigation will then be filed at the capital's Prakanong Court against Natural Fruit Company, a board member with legal authority to act on behalf of the company, a senior company management official and the company's lawyer.

In 2013 Natural Fruit filed a criminal defamation charge relating to an interview Hall gave to Al Jazeera English in Myanmar. 

The Office of the Attorney General, in the role of investigator of the complaint, assigned the criminal investigation of the case to Bangna police and later recommended the case for prosecution, according to a release from human rights group Finnwatch.

Following this, prosecution officials prosecuted Hall who was then in May 2014 indicted for a full criminal trial at Prakanong Court.

Hall's passport was confiscated following his indictment during temporary release on bail pending trial and his freedom of movement overseas was curtailed. Natural Fruit also requested to become a joint prosecutor in the case alongside the Office of the Attorney General.

In October 2014, following a 6-day trial, Prakanong Court dismissed the prosecution by the Office of the Attorney General and Natural Fruit as unlawful on the grounds of flawed police investigation and interrogation procedures.

Despite the dismissal, judicial harassment against Hall continued as both Natural Fruit and state prosecution officials, as the two case plaintiffs, continued to pursue this case appealing the legality of the dismissal first to the Appeals Court and then onto the Supreme Court.

In November 2016, Thailand's Supreme Court delivered its final verdict on the appeals dismissing the case once and for all on both procedural and investigatory grounds.

The Supreme Court reasoned that the prosecution was unlawful as the case couldn't lawfully be tried in Thailand's courts given the nature of the alleged offence and the location where the alleged offence was committed lay outside the country.

"I am launching these litigations consisting of two sets of criminal prosecutions today with a heavy heart and not out of anger or with any desire for revenge. It is regretful that things have reached this stage," Hall said from Brussels in Belgium.

"However, it is necessary now to launch these litigations as I must defend myself against an unlawful prosecution and judicial harassment waged against me that continues unabated.

"I was encouraged to initiate these litigations by migrant workers whom I continue to support in Thailand."

He went on to say after his criminal conviction, many workers and rights defenders in Thailand and even globally had told him they hesitated to voice concerns on exploitation or report fully on abuses due to fear of negative repercussions.

"It's imperative that these two sets of criminal prosecutions claim space back for victims of rights abuses, exploited workers and human rights defenders to speak out with confidence about unlawful conduct by business and state actors without repercussions," Hall said.

"I also chose to launch these litigations because of the advice and support provided to me by a committed team of respected human rights lawyers. My legal team and I aim to contribute through these litigations towards reform of the Thai justice system.

"Such reform through litigation can enhance the rule of law and ensure meaningful accountability for victims of the unlawful and unacceptable abuse of state police investigatory and prosecutorial powers."

Fight against other charges continues

Andy Hall continues to fight his previous conviction on criminal defamation and computer crimes charges, also initiated by Natural Fruit, in which he was found guilty and handed a suspended three-year prison sentence in September 2016.

This guilty verdict was met with wide-ranging international criticism from civil society, trade unions, business enterprises and the United Nations (UN). Both Natural Fruit and Hall have appealed the conviction, with the company seeking an immediate custodial sentence against Hall and Hall seeking to have the conviction fully overturned.

Another Thai company, Thammakaset Farm, has also filed additional criminal defamation and computer crimes charges against Hall. This escalating harassment, in addition to his September 2016 conviction, forced Hall to leave Thailand after 11 years in November 2016 to live in Europe.

Tomorrow's launch of criminal litigations by Hall coincides with the Thai Prime Minister's launch of the country's National Action Plan (NAP) on Business and Human Rights, according to Finnwatch.

NAPs are UN-recommended tools for UN Member States to promote the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights within each state.

According to the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, states must ensure that their "courts are independent of economic or political pressures from other state agents and from business actors, and that the legitimate and peaceful activities of human rights defenders are not obstructed", Finnwatch said.

It added in Thailand, statistics on prosecutions under the Computer Crimes Act had "exploded" in the past two years. According to critics, the provisions in this law have been used by authorities and private companies to silence human rights defenders, journalists and others.

"Andy has been unwavering in his support for the rights of migrant workers in Thailand for over a decade. He has dedicated his life to this work. This ongoing campaign of judicial harassment against him, which has entered its fifth year, has taken a heavy toll and should end," Finnwatch executive director Sonja Vartiala said.

"It is the duty of businesses and governments to cease judicial harassment against human rights defenders working on issues of business and human rights.

"Work done by researchers like Andy on working conditions in global supply chains is valuable also for the companies trading in Thailand."

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